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Harmonics is the most important reason for
the pollution at the electrical systems.
At the present day it has become very important to consume
the electrical energy efficiently, to reduce the production costs
and to reduce the energy consumption in order to protect the
environment.
All the appliances connected to an electrical network absorb reactive
power in addition to active power (work power). However,
this re-active power which is absorbed from the network and
transferred back to the network is not used for any work, it just
engages and loads the network for nothing and increases the
operating cost of the network. If the amount of re-active energy
absorbed exceeds some defined limits, the cost of electric energy
increases drastically because of the fines.
Because of all these facts, all the enterprises should check
the energy they absorb from the network. Fort his reason
compensation (active-passive filters) panels are used. The “reactive
energy control relays” in the compensation panels measure
the energy factor of the enterprise continuously and turn on and
off the groups in the panel with the aid of the contactors.
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Harmonic Sources
• Power electronics, converters, drivers
- Electronic rectifiers, turners
• All the inductions which are not linear.
- Transformers working at saturation point.
. High Voltage
. Idle Current
. Shock Current
• Uninterruptible Power Supply
• Computers, Printers, Fax Machines (If they are
many of them connected to a common transformer)
• Flourescent Lights
• Arc Welding, Arc Furnaces, Welding Machines
• All Non-Linear Loads (The loads that cannot
respond with the same current to the voltage source)
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